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In the athletes, tomato powder enhanced total antioxidant capacity by 12%. Interestingly, the tomato powder treatment also resulted in a significantly reduced elevation of 8-isoprostane compared to both the lycopene supplement and the placebo. The tomato powder also significantly reduced exhaustive exercise MDA compared to the placebo, however, no such difference was indicated between the lycopene and placebo treatments.

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With the brevity of the study duration, the authors did hypothesize, however, that a longer-term supplementation regimen of lycopene could result in stronger antioxidant benefits for the isolated nutrient, in accordance with other studies that were carried out over a period of several weeks. Nonetheless, whole tomato contains chemical compounds that can enhance beneficial outcomes in synergy compared to a single compound, the authors said.

In the randomized, double-blinded crossover study, 11 well-trained male athletes underwent three exhaustive exercise tests after a week of supplementation with a tomato powder, then a lycopene supplement, and then a placebo. Three blood samples (baseline, post-ingestion, and post-exercise) were taken for each of the supplements used, in order to evaluate total antioxidant capacity and variables of lipid peroxidation, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-isoprostane.